Thursday, 12 September 2013

Unfinished bOOsiness

Here are the rest of the OO notes. The list should start at 24†, but it's my birthday and I can't be frigged to work out how to do it!
  1. adulthood
    This is the sole representative of all the words that follow the '<noun>hood'  pattern: babyhood/boyhood/girlhood... etc
  2. bookkeeping
    This is the sole representative of all the words that follow the 'book<noun>'  pattern: bookmark/~shelf /~shop/~store... etc
  3. bookmaking
    This may seem to be at odds with the previous note, but a bookmaker is not someone who makes books 
    –  except in a metaphorical sense of both words.
  4. copybook
    This is the sole representative of all the words that follow the '<noun>book'  pattern: phonebook, textbook.. etc
  5. falsehood
    This might seem to be at odds with note 24, but a falsehood is not a being false.
  6. football
    This is the sole representative of all the words that follow the 'foot<noun>'  pattern: footbridge/~plate/~print/~step'... etc
  7. footdragging
    This is not excluded according to the principle given here, because both the feet and any marks they leave on the ground are metaphorical.
  8. footman
    This may seem to be at odds with note 29, but a footman is a nearly archaic job that –  in its modern form –  has nothing to do with feet.
  9. good-looking
    Each of the first two syllables has the sound /ʊ/.
  10. gooseberry
    Note that the vowel sound in the first syllable is /ʊ/ (and not /u:/ as in goose).
  11. hooker
    This is not excluded according to the principle given here, because in the sense prostitute any hooking is metaphorical; in the rugby-related sense, the hooking could be argued  to be metaphorical as well.
  12. hooray
    When the stress is on the second syllable (as it is in the interjection Hooray) the sound (of the unstressed syllable) is /ʊ/. But in the informal collocation Hooray Henry the stress is on the first syllable and the vowel is /u:/. This phrase is not listed in the Macmillan English Dictionary, but see – for example –  the Collins English Dictionary.
  13. livelihood
    This is not excluded according to the principle given here (as likelihood is), because while likelyhood has much to do with being likely, livelihood has little to do with being lively.
  14. looker
    This is not excluded according to the principle given here, as a looker is not one who looks.
  15. manhood
    This is not excluded according general exclusion given in note 24, as manhood can be used metaphorically to mean penis.
  16. poofter
    The Macmillan English Dictionary has the transcription /əʊ/ – which is no doubt a typo (although it has not been corrected in whichever version is the more recent (the online or the printed version). But the audio sample , correctly, has /ʊ/.
  17. woodblock
    This is the sole representative of many other combinations. Exceptions are noted.
  18. woodpecker
    This escapes the ruling given in note 40 because it is not just any bird that happens to peck wood, but a particular sort.
  19. woodwind
    This escapes the ruling given in note 40 because it refers to a family of instruments not always (and rarely exclusively) made of wood.
  20. doorbell
    This is the sole representative of many other combinations. Exceptions are noted.
  21. doornail
    Thie word exists (as a standalone word) in historical contexts. It is not current (to anyone but a restorer of old doors), except in the phrase 'dead as a doornail' (which is so meaningless, in the absence of knowledge of what a doornail IS that manypeople prefer to maintain the alliteration by saying 'dead as a dodo').
  22. doorstep
    This word might be expected to be excluded (as a noun) according to the principle given here, but is included here as it has a metaphorical verbal sense (not given in the Macmillan English Dictionary. The link is to the Compact Oxford English Dictionary.
  23. doorway
    This  word is not excluded as explained in note 43, because it has a metaphorical sense (not unlike threshold).
  24. moor
    The vowel distinguishes this from Moor which is listed in the Macmillan English Dictionary among the few words that use the vowel sound /ʊə/.
  25. poor etc
    The  Macmillan English Dictionary gives two transcriptions for this, /ʊə/ and /ɔ:/. But the diphthong /ʊə/ is fighting a rear-guard action. Many native speakers of British English treat poor and pore as homophones. In fact, while the British Council favour's Adrian Underhill's phonemic chart, with its 8 diphthong sounds the software that comes with the New Cutting Edge coursebooks has a phonemic chart that includes only 7 diphthong sounds (and has no /ʊə/).

    Speakers who do use /ʊə/ use it also in words and phrases derived from poor  poorhouse, poorly etc.
  26. blood metaphors
    The notion of blood gives rise to many metaphors with many meanings; in 'Bad blood will out' and 'There is bad blood between them since the divorce', the collocation bad blood has totally different meanings. Many such collocations are hyperbolic: a bloodbath doesn't involve people bathing in blood, a bloodcurdling yell does not actually make blood curdle....
  27. blood letting
    This is not excluded  according to the principle given here, as it uses an archaic meaning of letting. (Like some other blood-related metaphors, it is hyperbolic.)
  28. zoon
    This word, already mentioned in note 23, is not in the Macmillan English Dictionary. The link is to the Collins English Dictionary.
  29. Moorish
    T
    he Macmillan English Dictionary gives the transcription /ʊə/, thus avoiding confusion with the informal word moreish ('hard to stop eating'). But the audio sample has the vowel sound /ɔ:/.  Note 48 says more about the ongoing tension between  /ʊə/ and /ɔ:/
b

Update 2013.09.13:09:45 – Added this note:

†It does now, thanks to a bit of code that is 'Deprecated in HTML 4.x/XHTML 1.0'. There must be something wrong with me: all the bits of code that I find most useful are deprecated (="preached [see it?] against"). 

<rant intensity="medium">
Whenever I see the word deprecated I think of Chaucer's Pardoner:
Thanne peyne I me to strecche forth the nekke,
 And est and west upon the peple I bekke
The modern day software fascists that go around deprecating are a bit like him – making life difficult for the common folk, so as to feather their own nests; quite appropriate, really, as the next line is
As dooth a dowve sittynge on a berne[]
</rant>
Update: 2013.09.26.09.50 
Footer updated

Update 2012.10.15.14:40  – Footer updated



 Mammon (When Vowels Get Together V4.1: Collection of Kindle word-lists grouping different pronunciations of vowel-pairs – AA-AU, EA-EU,   IA-IU, OA-OU, and – new for V4.1 – UA-UE.  If you buy it, contact  @WVGTbook on Twitter and I'll alert you to free downloads of the forthcoming volumes; or click the Following button at the foot of this page.)
And if you have no objection to such promiscuity, Like this.

Freebies (Teaching resources: nearly 32,400 views**,  and  4,400 downloads to date. They're very eclectic - mostly EFL and MFL, but one of the most popular is from KS4 History, dating from my PGCE, with 1570 views/700 downloads to date. So it's worth having a browse.)

** This figure includes the count of views for a single resource held in an account that I accidentally created many years ago.












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