Tuesday, 18 August 2015

Fessing up


In an old post I said
Somewhere – I'm pretty sure it was in Crystal's Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language – I saw an account of a conference that set out to analyse a few hours of recorded language. The proceedings of the conference, in the event, were published under the name The First Five Minutes – which contained a book's worth of analysis; the publisher had decided that analysis of all the data would make the book unpublishably big.

I misremembered the circumstances surrounding...
<digression>
And I have to admit to a bugbear of mine, born of the Etymological Fallacy – the unfounded insistence  that words‘ meanings "should" reflect their etymology. I know it‘s silly of me, but I have an unshakeable feeling  that circumstances should surround things (as circum meant, in Latin, "surrounding". Under NO circumstances will I... uh-oh.)
</digression>

...the book's publication, though at least I got the name right, and I was right too about the place where I saw it cited  (page 159 of the first edition, if you must know): linguists are snappers-up of unconsidered trifles (line 1749) and anything is grist to the mill.. There was no conference and no proceedings. The book is reviewed here:


So the professionals involved were not even linguists. But language was happening, and being accurately recorded.

Tales from the Word-face

Progress on the new book is glacial, but here is an excerpt from the notes I have written for the
-el-=/ǝ/ section (which gives the context for the references to this and this transcription scattered here and there):
  1. alleluia
    The Macmillan English Dictionary has this transcription but the audio sample has an /e/ vowel.
  2. babel
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not give this its initial capital, which some speakers associate with the pronunciation that has /eɪ/ in the first syllable.
  3. becquerel
    The Macmillan English Dictionary has this transcription, but many people use /e/ – especially if they did French at school.
  4. belligerent
    The Macmillan English Dictionary has this transcription but the audio sample has an /ɪ/ vowel. Both are both common and acceptable.
  5. by-election
    On the Macmillan English Dictionary CD-ROM, although the speaker of both this and "election" is the same, the second vowel is different (although there is no transcription). It sounds closer to /ə/. It is probable that after the /aɪ/ there is dissimilation to avoid the triphthong (although this /aɪɪ/ is not uncommon – in words such as weighing.
  6. celeb, celebrity, celerity, celestial, correlate, crenel(l)ated, derelict, and dereliction
    The Macmillan English Dictionary has this, but the pronunciation /ɪ/ is common (it is given, for example, in the Collins English Dictionary).
  7. deluxe
    The Macmillan English Dictionary has this transcription but the audio sample has the /ɪ/ vowel – a common alternative.
  8. fuselage
    The e seems like a magic E, as it makes the u into /ju:/ rather than /ʌ/ (as in pairs like fuss/fuse or muss/muse), but the word has three syllables.
  9. gravel(l)ed and gruel(l)ing
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include a version with a single l on the CD-ROM, but does in the online version.
  10. grovel(l)ing
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include a version with a single l, although many other dictionaries (for example, the Collins English Dictionary) do.
  11. haveli
    The Macmillan English Dictionary puts primary stress on the last syllable, but the speaker in the audio clip does not. This is not a commonly used word in the UK, and the speaker is probably meeting it for the first time.
  12. jewel[l]ery
    Also spelt (as it is pronounced – that is, with 3 syllables) "jewelry". In British English this spelling is optional. In American English the shorter version is standard; it outnumbers jewellery nearly 100:1 in the Corpus of Contemporary American (7,650:79). There is a slightly greater preponderance (this time for jewellery over jewelry) in the British National Corpus (1,216:11). .
  13. labeled and labeling
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not list a version with two ls although many other dictionaries (for example the Collins English Dictionary) do.
  14. leveled and leveling
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include a version with two ls, though it does include "leveller" (not more level, but a participant in a particular politico-historical movement, The Levellers.
  15. minstrelsy
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include this word, but many others (for example, the Collins English Dictionary) do.
  16. Noel
    This name is a homograph of a word in the /e/ section.
  17. quarreled, quarreling, shoveled, shoveling, shriveled, shriveling, snivelling, snorkeled, snorkeling, swiveled, tunneled, tunneling, unraveled, and unraveling.
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not include a version with a single on the CD-ROM, but does in the online version.
  18. rebel
    This word when stressed on the first syllable (with a /ə/ in the second) when it is a noun. When it is a verb it takes stress on the second syllable.
  19. shellac
    The Macmillan English Dictionary gives both this and /e/ as alternative pronunciations for the noun and does not give the verb. Other dictionaries (for example the Collins English Dictionary) give both. Some speakers distinguish between the verb with /ə/ – and stress on the first syllable – and the noun with /e/ (matching a similar distinction between the noun produce – with an open vowel in the first syllable – and the verb produce – with /ə/).
  20. untramelled
    The Macmillan English Dictionary does not give the spelling with a single l in the CD-ROM version, but in the online version it gives untrameled (with a URL that identifies it as an American usage).
  21. Vaseline
    The e looks as though it might be a magic E, which should affect the a in the first syllable. But this a represents the /æ/ vowel, the s is not voiced (as in the RP pronunciation of vase – /vɑ:z/), and the whole word has three syllables.
b


Mammon When Vowels Get Together V5.2: Collection of Kindle word-lists grouping different pronunciations of vowel-pairs. Now complete (that is, it covers all vowel pairs –  but there's still stuff to be done with it; an index, perhaps...?)

And here it is: Digraphs and Diphthongs . The (partial) index has an entry for each vowel pair that can represent each monophthong phoneme. For example AE, EA and EE are by far the most common pairs of vowels used to represent the /i:/ phoneme, but there are eight other possibilities. The index uses colour to give an idea of how common a spelling is, ranging from bright red to represent the most common to pale olive green to represent the least common.

I'm thinking about doing a native iBook version in due course, but for now Mac users can use Kindle's own (free) simulator.

Also available at Amazon: When Vowels Get Together: The paperback.

And if you have no objection to such promiscuity, Like this

Freebies (Teaching resources:  
Well over 49,300 views  and nearly 9,000 downloads to date**. They're very eclectic - mostly EFL and MFL, but one of the most popular is from KS4 History, dating from my PGCE, with nearly 2,700 views and nearly 1,100 downloads to date. So it's worth having a browse.)

** This figure includes the count of views for a single resource held in an account that I accidentally created many years ago.




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